This study was carried out to examine the effect of explant sources and plant growth regulators on the embryogenic callus formation from hypocotyl, cotyledon, leaf blade and petiole of ranunculus (Ranunculus asiaticus L. cv. Wonder Land) cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of auxins and cytokinins, and to study the effect of plant growth regulators, various organic compounds on the somatic embryogenesis from embryogenic callus.
The results obtained were summarized as follows:
Induction of embryogenic callus was most effective in hypocotyl and cotyledon explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0㎎/ℓ 2, 4-D or 3.0㎎/ℓ BAP bnt somewhat ineffective in leaf blade and petiole. Especially, all explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3.0㎎/ℓ NAA were not observed embryogeaic callus. The somatic embryogenesis from embryogenic callus was most effective in VfS medium supplemented with 0.1㎎/ℓ 2,4-D or 3.0㎎/ℓ BAP. The addition of 1.0㎎/ℓ BAP to MS media supplemented with 10% coconut water or 500㎎/ℓ yeast extract was most effective in obtaining somatic embryos from embryogenic callus. The effect of malt extract was lower than that of coconut water and yeast extract for the formation of somatic embryos. Embryogenic callus could be distinguished by compactness, nodulate surface and small uniform cell size with dense cytoplasm.
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